Families First Coronavirus Response Act
On Wednesday, March 18, 2020, President Trump signed into law H.R. 6201, the “Families First Coronavirus Response Act” (the “Act”), which is intended to ease the economic consequences stemming from the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. The Act provides family and medical leave, and sick leave, to employees and also provides tax credits to those employers and self-employeds providing the leave. The Act also affects employer-sponsored health plans. Following are details:
- Family and medical leave. The Act includes the Emergency Family and Medical Leave Expansion Act (EFMLEA), which requires employers with fewer than 500 employees to provide both paid and unpaid public health emergency leave to certain employees through December 31, 2020. The emergency leave generally is available when an employee who has been employed for at least 30 days is unable to work (or telework) due to a need for leave to care for a son or daughter under age 18 because a school or place of care has been closed, or a childcare provider is unavailable, due to an emergency with respect to COVID-19 that is declared by a federal, state, or local authority. The first 10 days of leave may be unpaid and then paid leave is required, calculated based on an amount not less than two-thirds of an employee’s regular rate of pay and the number of hours the employee would otherwise be normally scheduled to work, not to exceed $200 per day and $10,000 in the aggregate. Certain exemptions and special rules apply, and a tax credit may be available (see below).
- Emergency paid sick time. Under the Emergency Paid Sick Leave Act (EPSLA), private employers with fewer than 500 employees, and public employers of any size, must provide 80 hours of paid sick time to full-time employees who are unable to work (or telework) for specified virus-related reasons. Part-time employees are entitled to sick time based on their average hours worked over a 2-week period. This amount is immediately available regardless of the employee’s length of employment. The maximum amounts payable vary based on the reason for absence. Employees who are:
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- Subject to a quarantine or isolation order,
- Advised by a health provider to self-quarantine, or
- Experiencing symptoms and seeking diagnosis
must be compensated at their regular rate, up to a maximum of $511 per day ($5,110 total). Employees caring for an individual described in category (1), (2), or (3), caring for a son or daughter whose school is closed or child care provider is unavailable, or experiencing a “substantially similar condition” specified by the government must receive two-thirds of their regular rate, up to a maximum of $200 per day ($2,000 total). Employers cannot require employees to find a replacement worker or use other sick leave before this sick time. Employers may exclude health care providers and emergency responders, and the DOL can issue regulations exempting businesses with fewer than 50 employees. The sick leave mandate takes effect not later than 15 days after March 18, 2020 (the date of the Act’s enactment) and expires December 31, 2020.
- Employer tax credits. The Act provides tax credits to employers to cover wages paid to employees while they are taking time off under the EPSLA and EMFLEA. The credits have three components:
- The EPSLA credit for each employee is equal to the lesser of the amount of his leave pay or either $511 per day while the employee is receiving paid sick leave to care for themselves, or $200 if the sick leave is to care for a family member or child whose school is closed. An additional limit applies to the number of days per employee: the excess of 10 days over the aggregate number of days taken into account for all preceding calendar quarters.
The EMFLEA credit for each employee is the amount of his leave pay limited to $200 per day with a maximum of $10,000.
- The amount of the EPSLA and EMFLEA credits are increased by the portion of the employer’s “qualified health plan expenses” that are properly allocable to qualified sick leave wages or qualified family and medical leave wages. Qualified health plan expenses means amounts paid or incurred by the employer to provide and maintain a group health plan, but only to the extent that such amounts are excluded from the gross income of employees by reason of Code Sec. 106(a).
- In addition, the credits allowed to employers for wages paid under the EPSLA and EFMFLEA are increased by the amount of the tax imposed by Code Sec. 3111(b) (the 1.45% hospital insurance portion of FICA) on qualified sick leave wages, or qualified family leave wages, for which credit is allowed under Act Sec. 7001 or Act Sec. 7003.
The credits are refundable to the extent they exceed the employer’s payroll tax.
Employers don’t receive the credit if they’re also receiving the credit for paid family and medical leave in Code Sec. 45S.
The EPSLA and EMFLEA credits may also be taken against the employer’s railroad retirement tax.
These rules apply only to wages paid with respect to the period beginning on a date selected by the Secretary of the Treasury which is during the 15-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of the Act (March 18, 2020), and ending on December 31, 2020.
- Comparable credits for self-employeds. The Act also provides for similar refundable credits against the self-employment tax. It covers 100% of a self-employed individual’s sick-leave equivalent amount, or 67% of the individual’s sick-leave equivalent amount if they are taking care of a sick family member, or taking care of a child following the child’s school closing for up to 10 days. The sick-leave equivalent amount is the lesser of average daily self-employment income or either
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- $511/day to care for the self-employed individual or
- $200/day to care for a sick family member or child following a school closing, paid under the EPSLA
Self-employed individuals can also receive a credit for as many as 50 days multiplied by the lesser of $200 or 67% of their average self-employment income paid under the EMFLEA.
These rules apply only to days occurring during the period beginning on a date selected by the Secretary of the Treasury, which is during the 15-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act (March 18, 2020), and ending on December 31, 2020.
- Employer FICA exclusion. Wages paid under the EPSLA and EFMFLEA are not considered wages under Code Sec. 3111(a) (employer tax – old age, survivors and disability insurance portion of FICA; 6.2%) or under Code Sec. 3221(a) (employer’s railroad retirement tax).
We continue to monitor the efforts of the federal, state, and local governments to provide relief to taxpayers, businesses, and others impacted by coronavirus. Please contact us with questions or if we can be of assistance in any other way. We’re here to help guide you through this time of uncertainty.
Due Date for Federal Tax Returns Extended from April 15 to July 15
The Secretary of the Treasury announced yesterday that the due date for filing Federal income tax returns and making Federal income tax payments otherwise due April 15, 2020, is automatically postponed to July 15, 2020. Details of this relief were issued in IRS Notice 2020-18. No extension forms need to be filed to obtain the extra time and there is no limit on the amount of the tax payment that may be postponed.
This relief applies to Federal income tax payments (including self-employment tax) and Federal income tax returns due April 15, 2020, for the 2019 tax year, as well as to Federal estimated income tax payments (including self-employment tax) due April 15, 2020, for the 2020 tax year.
The Notice does not provide an extension for any other type of Federal tax payment or deposit, or for the filing of any Federal information return.
The new filing deadline for 2019 City of Grand Rapids income tax returns is July 30, 2020. While we expect the State of Michigan and other Michigan cities to extend their filing and payment dates to follow the Federal dates, this has not officially occurred yet.
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